Investigation of biomechanical properties of bio glass in an experiment in laboratory rats

Abstract

Introduction. An important problem in traumatology and orthopedics is the regeneration of bone defects, and the high frequency of their occurrence, dictates the need to find means that would provide a certain recovery. However, despite the large arsenal of exposure to healing bone defects, there is no ideal osteoplastic material. The aim of the study. To improve the parameters of bone load using bio-glass used for defect prosthetics in modern traumatology. Materials and methods. Experimental studies of the durability of the femoral bones of laboratory rats of the IPHC population with simulated osteoporosis after filling the bone defect with artificial material were carried out in the Laboratory of Biomechanics of the State Enterprise "Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology named after Prof. MI Sitenko NAMS of Ukraine". Materials of the study were 40 female rats at the age of 3 months. All animals, under general anesthesia, using a dental bone, performed a defect in the proximal left femur, after which the defect was filled with artificial material, and the wound was sutured. All animals were divided into two groups of 20 animals in each. The first group included rats, in which the bone defect was filled with bio-glass, in the second – glass ceramics. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment after 1, 2, 4 and 12 weeks after surgery for 5 rats from each group. As control group, counterlatural non-controlled limb animals were used. Results. In the first 2 weeks after surgery, the strength of operated bones is lower than intact, due to the presence of a cavity defect in them and weak union of artificial material with bone tissue. In the period of 4 weeks after surgery there is an excess of durability of operated bones over intact. Extrapolation of the changes in the strength of the intact and operated bones makes it possible to assume that the alignment of the strength of the operated and unopposed bones occurs at the third week after the operation. The durability of the operated bones in the period between the second and fourth weeks after the operation may be due to the active process of bone tissue regeneration. In the future, the bone formation process is slowed down and the strength of the drugs becomes as much as possible possible. Changes in the strength of intact bones are likely to be due to age-related changes in the body of animals. Excess strength of operated bones by intact can be explained by the effect of concrete, a circle in soft cement add more durable crushed stone, which increases its strength. Conclusions. The use of bio-glass and glass ceramics to fill bone defects allows, in the separated period, to increase the strength of the bone statistically significantly higher than the intact ones.