Dysbiosis in patients with sigmioid colon cancer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32782/2415-8127.2025.71.4Keywords:
colon dysbiosis, sigmoid colon cancer, microfloraAbstract
Introduction. Intestinal dysbiosis is a qualitative and/or quantitative change in the composition of the intestinal microflora, which is a symptom of many diseases. It should be noted that the problem of reducing tumor intoxication and correcting intestinal dysbiosis in order to carry out full courses of chemotherapy and improve the quality of life of patients with oncology is one of the urgent problems of clinical oncology today.Aim. To assess the quantitative and qualitative state of the microflora of the large intestine. To study changes in indicators of the degree of dysbiosis of the large intestine in different stages of the tumor process in patients with sigmoid colon cancer.Materials and methods. An evaluation of the data of 62 patients with a verified diagnosis of sigmoid colon cancer, who were treated at the communal non-profit enterprise “Transcarpathian Antitumor Center” for the period 2019–2021, was carried out. According to the stages of the pathological process, the patients were divided as follows: 4 patients had stage I, 17 patients had stage II, 15 had stage III, and 26 had stage IV of the tumor process. Among them there were 51 (82.2%) men, 11 (17.7%) women.The study of the specific and quantitative composition of the microflora of the colon was carried out by sowing tenfold dilutions (10-1–10-9) on a standard set of elective and differential diagnostic nutrient media for the isolation of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms.Research results and their discussion. The results of clinical observations and bacteriological studies showed that colon dysbiosis is present in 59 (95.1%) patients with sigmoid colon cancer.Pathological changes in the composition of obligate microflora, which were characterized by a deficiency or complete disappearance of bifido- and lactobacilli, were observed in 59 (100%) and 46 (77.9%) patients. Changes in the composition of representatives of the coli flora with an imbalance in quantitative and qualitative terms were observed in 38 (64.4%) and 30 (50.8%) patients, while with manifestations of aggression – hemolysis of erythrocytes was ascertained in 19 (32.2%) patients. Conditionally pathogenic intestinal flora was found in 24 (40.6%) patients.Conclusions. In patients with sigmoid colon cancer, deep microecological disturbances were detected, characterized by intensive proliferation of opportunistic flora and deficiency of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria. The severity of dysbiosis in patients with sigmoid colon cancer increases according to the stage of the disease. To increase the effectiveness of the treatment of patients with sigmoid colon cancer, “beneficial” bacteria or microbial complexes should be used, while each patient should have an individual approach.
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