Improvement of the possibilities of movement in the fire injury of the peripheral nervous system of the lower extremities

Abstract

In the conditions of a full-scale war in Ukraine, the number of gunshot injuries to the limbs, fractures, and injuries has increased, which necessarily and primarily damage the peripheral nervous system, triggering a number of mechanisms of disruption of the neuromuscular transmission of nerve impulses, trophic disorders. At the same time, there is a large number of orthopedic and neurological pathologies that also complicate or make it impossible for a person to move independently. These circumstances force us to look for more effective ways of restoring motor functions, movement, self-care, etc. Particular attention should be paid to structures, devices that provide opportunities for movement or to facilitate walking. This function is primarily performed by crutches, which improve the quality of life of people with lower limb injuries and have not changed significantly during their 5,000 years of use. The authors describe the main types of mobility devices. Their classification, advantages and disadvantages are given. Modern designs of crutches are presented and the developed design is presented, which is patented in Ukraine (Patent Ukrainy na korysnu model №150986. Stakhanov M.V., Stoyanov A.O., Turchyn M.I., Sereda D.I., Haidarzhy I.T., Stoianov O.M., Haidarzhy O.I. Prystrii dlia mylytsi yak opora pry peresuvanni. Biul. No. 20, dated 05.18.2022). According to the invention, the racks are connected and a limiter is located below, made of elastic material, to which a pin with a screw is attached to correct the position of the knee; at the point of narrowing of the posts before the connection with the central post with holes, a knee support made of elastic material and an additional pin with a screw and the ability to adjust the height depending on the height of the patient are fixed. Thus, for the manufacture of the proposed device, there is no need for complex equipment, while a standard crutch made of easily processed metal with all available components and holes is used. In addition, the free position of the leg in the area of the knee joint allows you to use the device in the presence of plaster bandages, additional orthopedic structures, etc.