Correlations between chronic periodontitis and metabolic disorders in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Abstract

Introduction. NAFLD has a significant impact on the health of oral organs and tissues–particularly the periodontium–and is capable of causing and exacerbating local destruction. The article presents the results of a correlation analysis between the state of periodontal tissues and systemic metabolic disorders in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The purpose of the study: to determine and pathogenetically substantiate the correlation relationships between subjective, clinical, metabolic, biochemical and molecular genetic indicators in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with concomitant chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods of the study. A comprehensive clinical, laboratory, molecular genetic study of patients with comorbid chronic periodontitis with NAFLD was conducted with subsequent correlation analysis. Results of the study. Correlation analysis confirmed the significant influence of NAFLD and BMI on the development of periodontal destruction, the presence of unpleasant odor from the mouth and sensory changes in the receptor apparatus of the tongue. The relationship between venous blood glucose and gingival blood glucose (r=0.897; p=0.000) was proven. The leading role of P. gingivalis in the development of CP was revealed and its relationship with the level of systemic endotoxin, which causes its transit into the systemic bloodstream, was determined. Accelerated shortening of gum telomeres was recorded under the influence of the presence of NAFLD (r=-0.506) and unsatisfactory oral hygiene. Conclusions: The pathogenesis of generalized inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal conditions is complex, involving a range of adverse systemic effects caused by the spread of periodontopathogens and their endotoxins beyond the oral cavity. The correlation analysis proved the existence of a strong connection between the periodontium and the liver, where CP is a local manifestation of a systemic metabolic problem. The obtained data significantly deepen the understanding of the interaction between chronic local inflammation and systemic metabolic manifestations.